The cisterna chyli is a saccular dilatation of the lymphatic vessels that is located in the abdomen, anterior to the L1 and L2 vertebral bodies, immediately right to the aorta behind the right crus of the diaphragm. It is the beginning of the thoracic duct, which transports lymph and chyle from the abdomen to the junction of the left subclavian vein and internal jugular veins.
The cisterna chyli receives lymph from the right and left lumbar trunks, the intestinal trunk, and some of the lower intercostal vessels. The lymph that enters the cisterna chyli is milky white in color due to the presence of chyle, which is a milky fluid that is made up of lymph, fat, and other nutrients that are absorbed from the intestines.
The cisterna chyli is a relatively large structure, measuring about 5-10 cm in length and 2-3 cm in diameter. It is surrounded by a layer of fibrous tissue and smooth muscle. The smooth muscle in the wall of the cisterna chyli helps to propel the lymph and chyle through the vessel.
The cisterna chyli is an important structure in the lymphatic system. It helps to collect lymph from the abdomen and transport it to the thoracic duct. The thoracic duct then transports the lymph to the venous system, where it is returned to the bloodstream.
The cisterna chyli can be affected by a number of conditions, including
* Lymphedema This is a condition in which the lymph vessels are blocked, causing fluid to build up in the tissues. This can lead to swelling in the arms, legs, or abdomen.
* Tumors Tumors can block the lymph vessels or compress the cisterna chyli, causing lymphedema or other problems.
* Infections Infections can cause inflammation of the lymph vessels, which can lead to blockages or other problems.
* Trauma Trauma to the abdomen can damage the cisterna chyli, causing lymphedema or other problems.
If you have any concerns about the cisterna chyli, talk to your doctor. They can perform tests to diagnose any problems and recommend treatment options.
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